Class: Google::Cloud::Bigquery::Table

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb,
lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table/list.rb,
lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table/async_inserter.rb

Overview

Table

A named resource representing a BigQuery table that holds zero or more records. Every table is defined by a schema that may contain nested and repeated fields.

The Table class can also represent a view, which is a virtual table defined by a SQL query. BigQuery's views are logical views, not materialized views, which means that the query that defines the view is re-executed every time the view is queried. Queries are billed according to the total amount of data in all table fields referenced directly or indirectly by the top-level query. (See #view?, #query, #query=, and Dataset#create_view.)

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"

table = dataset.create_table "my_table" do |schema|
  schema.string "first_name", mode: :required
  schema.record "cities_lived", mode: :repeated do |nested_schema|
    nested_schema.string "place", mode: :required
    nested_schema.integer "number_of_years", mode: :required
  end
end

row = {
  "first_name" => "Alice",
  "cities_lived" => [
    {
      "place" => "Seattle",
      "number_of_years" => 5
    },
    {
      "place" => "Stockholm",
      "number_of_years" => 6
    }
  ]
}
table.insert row

Creating a BigQuery view:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
view = dataset.create_view "my_view",
         "SELECT name, age FROM `my_project.my_dataset.my_table`"
view.view? # true

See Also:

Direct Known Subclasses

Updater

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: AsyncInserter, List, Updater

Attributes collapse

Data collapse

Lifecycle collapse

Instance Method Details

#api_url ⇒ String?

A URL that can be used to access the table using the REST API.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    A REST URL for the resource, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



441
442
443
444
445
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 441

def api_url
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.self_link
end

#buffer_bytes ⇒ Integer?

A lower-bound estimate of the number of bytes currently in this table's streaming buffer, if one is present. This field will be absent if the table is not being streamed to or if there is no data in the streaming buffer.

Returns:

  • (Integer, nil) —

    The estimated number of bytes in the buffer, or nil if not present or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



915
916
917
918
919
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 915

def buffer_bytes
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.streaming_buffer.estimated_bytes if @gapi.streaming_buffer
end

#buffer_oldest_at ⇒ Time?

The time of the oldest entry currently in this table's streaming buffer, if one is present. This field will be absent if the table is not being streamed to or if there is no data in the streaming buffer.

Returns:

  • (Time, nil) —

    The oldest entry time, or nil if not present or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 949

def buffer_oldest_at
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  return nil unless @gapi.streaming_buffer
  oldest_entry_time = @gapi.streaming_buffer.oldest_entry_time
  begin
    ::Time.at(Integer(oldest_entry_time) / 1000.0)
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
end

#buffer_rows ⇒ Integer?

A lower-bound estimate of the number of rows currently in this table's streaming buffer, if one is present. This field will be absent if the table is not being streamed to or if there is no data in the streaming buffer.

Returns:

  • (Integer, nil) —

    The estimated number of rows in the buffer, or nil if not present or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



933
934
935
936
937
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 933

def buffer_rows
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.streaming_buffer.estimated_rows if @gapi.streaming_buffer
end

#bytes_count ⇒ Integer?

The number of bytes in the table.

Returns:

  • (Integer, nil) —

    The count of bytes in the table, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 486

def bytes_count
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  begin
    Integer @gapi.num_bytes
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
end

#copy(destination_table, create: nil, write: nil) {|job| ... } ⇒ Boolean

Copies the data from the table to another table using a synchronous method that blocks for a response. Timeouts and transient errors are generally handled as needed to complete the job. See also #copy_job.

The geographic location for the job ("US", "EU", etc.) can be set via CopyJob::Updater#location= in a block passed to this method. If the table is a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the location of the job will be automatically set to the location of the table.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"
destination_table = dataset.table "my_destination_table"

table.copy destination_table

Passing a string identifier for the destination table:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.copy "other-project:other_dataset.other_table"

Parameters:

  • destination_table (Table, String) —

    The destination for the copied data. This can also be a string identifier as specified by the Query Reference: project_name:datasetId.tableId. This is useful for referencing tables in other projects and datasets.

  • create (String) —

    Specifies whether the job is allowed to create new tables. The default value is needed.

    The following values are supported:

    • needed - Create the table if it does not exist.
    • never - The table must already exist. A 'notFound' error is raised if the table does not exist.
  • write (String) —

    Specifies how to handle data already present in the destination table. The default value is empty.

    The following values are supported:

    • truncate - BigQuery overwrites the table data.
    • append - BigQuery appends the data to the table.
    • empty - An error will be returned if the destination table already contains data.

Yields:

  • (job) —

    a job configuration object

Yield Parameters:

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the copy operation succeeded.



1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1310

def copy destination_table, create: nil, write: nil, &block
  job = copy_job destination_table, create: create, write: write, &block
  job.wait_until_done!
  ensure_job_succeeded! job
  true
end

#copy_job(destination_table, create: nil, write: nil, dryrun: nil, job_id: nil, prefix: nil, labels: nil) {|job| ... } ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::CopyJob

Copies the data from the table to another table using an asynchronous method. In this method, a CopyJob is immediately returned. The caller may poll the service by repeatedly calling Job#reload! and Job#done? to detect when the job is done, or simply block until the job is done by calling #Job#wait_until_done!. See also #copy.

The geographic location for the job ("US", "EU", etc.) can be set via CopyJob::Updater#location= in a block passed to this method. If the table is a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the location of the job will be automatically set to the location of the table.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"
destination_table = dataset.table "my_destination_table"

copy_job = table.copy_job destination_table

Passing a string identifier for the destination table:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

copy_job = table.copy_job "other-project:other_dataset.other_table"

Parameters:

  • destination_table (Table, String) —

    The destination for the copied data. This can also be a string identifier as specified by the Query Reference: project_name:datasetId.tableId. This is useful for referencing tables in other projects and datasets.

  • create (String) —

    Specifies whether the job is allowed to create new tables. The default value is needed.

    The following values are supported:

    • needed - Create the table if it does not exist.
    • never - The table must already exist. A 'notFound' error is raised if the table does not exist.
  • write (String) —

    Specifies how to handle data already present in the destination table. The default value is empty.

    The following values are supported:

    • truncate - BigQuery overwrites the table data.
    • append - BigQuery appends the data to the table.
    • empty - An error will be returned if the destination table already contains data.
  • job_id (String) —

    A user-defined ID for the copy job. The ID must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), underscores (_), or dashes (-). The maximum length is 1,024 characters. If job_id is provided, then prefix will not be used.

    See Generating a job ID.

  • prefix (String) —

    A string, usually human-readable, that will be prepended to a generated value to produce a unique job ID. For example, the prefix daily_import_job_ can be given to generate a job ID such as daily_import_job_12vEDtMQ0mbp1Mo5Z7mzAFQJZazh. The prefix must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), underscores (_), or dashes (-). The maximum length of the entire ID is 1,024 characters. If job_id is provided, then prefix will not be used.

  • labels (Hash) —

    A hash of user-provided labels associated with the job. You can use these to organize and group your jobs. Label keys and values can be no longer than 63 characters, can only contain lowercase letters, numeric characters, underscores and dashes. International characters are allowed. Label values are optional. Label keys must start with a letter and each label in the list must have a different key.

Yields:

  • (job) —

    a job configuration object

Yield Parameters:

Returns:



1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1228

def copy_job destination_table, create: nil, write: nil, dryrun: nil,
             job_id: nil, prefix: nil, labels: nil
  ensure_service!
  options = { create: create, write: write, dryrun: dryrun,
              labels: labels, job_id: job_id, prefix: prefix }
  updater = CopyJob::Updater.from_options(
    service,
    table_ref,
    get_table_ref(destination_table),
    options
  )
  updater.location = location if location # may be table reference

  yield updater if block_given?

  job_gapi = updater.to_gapi
  gapi = service.copy_table job_gapi
  Job.from_gapi gapi, service
end

#created_at ⇒ Time?

The time when this table was created.

Returns:

  • (Time, nil) —

    The creation time, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 522

def created_at
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  begin
    ::Time.at(Integer(@gapi.creation_time) / 1000.0)
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
end

#data(token: nil, max: nil, start: nil) ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::Data

Retrieves data from the table.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the data retrieval.

Examples:

Paginate rows of data: (See Data#next)

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

data = table.data
data.each do |row|
  puts row[:first_name]
end
if data.next?
  more_data = data.next if data.next?
end

Retrieve all rows of data: (See Data#all)

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

data = table.data
data.all do |row|
  puts row[:first_name]
end

Parameters:

  • token (String) —

    Page token, returned by a previous call, identifying the result set.

  • max (Integer) —

    Maximum number of results to return.

  • start (Integer) —

    Zero-based index of the starting row to read.

Returns:



1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1134

def data token: nil, max: nil, start: nil
  ensure_service!
  reload! unless resource_full?
  options = { token: token, max: max, start: start }
  data_json = service.list_tabledata \
    dataset_id, table_id, options
  Data.from_gapi_json data_json, gapi, service
end

#dataset_id ⇒ String

The ID of the Dataset containing this table.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The ID must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), or underscores (_). The maximum length is 1,024 characters.



129
130
131
132
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 129

def dataset_id
  return reference.dataset_id if reference?
  @gapi.table_reference.dataset_id
end

#delete ⇒ Boolean

Permanently deletes the table.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.delete

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the table was deleted.



2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2020

def delete
  ensure_service!
  service.delete_table dataset_id, table_id
  true
end

#description ⇒ String?

A user-friendly description of the table.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The description, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



455
456
457
458
459
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 455

def description
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.description
end

#description=(new_description) ⇒ Object

Updates the user-friendly description of the table.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Parameters:

  • new_description (String) —

    The new user-friendly description.



472
473
474
475
476
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 472

def description= new_description
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.update! description: new_description
  patch_gapi! :description
end

#encryption ⇒ EncryptionConfiguration?

The EncryptionConfiguration object that represents the custom encryption method used to protect the table. If not set, default encryption is used.

Present only if the table is using custom encryption.

Returns:

See Also:



819
820
821
822
823
824
825
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 819

def encryption
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  return nil if @gapi.encryption_configuration.nil?
  EncryptionConfiguration.from_gapi(@gapi.encryption_configuration)
                         .freeze
end

#encryption=(value) ⇒ Object

Set the EncryptionConfiguration object that represents the custom encryption method used to protect the table. If not set, default encryption is used.

Present only if the table is using custom encryption.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Parameters:

See Also:



846
847
848
849
850
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 846

def encryption= value
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.encryption_configuration = value.to_gapi
  patch_gapi! :encryption_configuration
end

#etag ⇒ String?

The ETag hash of the table.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The ETag hash, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



427
428
429
430
431
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 427

def etag
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.etag
end

#exists? ⇒ Boolean

Determines whether the table exists in the BigQuery service. The result is cached locally.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new

dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table", skip_lookup: true
table.exists? # true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when the table exists in the BigQuery service, false otherwise.



2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2067

def exists?
  # Always true if we have a gapi object
  return true unless reference?
  # If we have a value, return it
  return @exists unless @exists.nil?
  ensure_gapi!
  @exists = true
rescue Google::Cloud::NotFoundError
  @exists = false
end

#expires_at ⇒ Time?

The time when this table expires. If not present, the table will persist indefinitely. Expired tables will be deleted and their storage reclaimed.

Returns:

  • (Time, nil) —

    The expiration time, or nil if not present or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 542

def expires_at
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  begin
    ::Time.at(Integer(@gapi.expiration_time) / 1000.0)
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
end

#external ⇒ External::DataSource?

The External::DataSource (or subclass) object that represents the external data source that the table represents. Data can be queried the table, even though the data is not stored in BigQuery. Instead of loading or streaming the data, this object references the external data source.

Present only if the table represents an External Data Source. See #external? and External::DataSource.

Returns:

See Also:



869
870
871
872
873
874
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 869

def external
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  return nil if @gapi.external_data_configuration.nil?
  External.from_gapi(@gapi.external_data_configuration).freeze
end

#external=(external) ⇒ Object

Set the External::DataSource (or subclass) object that represents the external data source that the table represents. Data can be queried the table, even though the data is not stored in BigQuery. Instead of loading or streaming the data, this object references the external data source.

Use only if the table represents an External Data Source. See #external? and External::DataSource.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Parameters:

See Also:



897
898
899
900
901
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 897

def external= external
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.external_data_configuration = external.to_gapi
  patch_gapi! :external_data_configuration
end

#external? ⇒ Boolean?

Checks if the table's type is "EXTERNAL", indicating that the table represents an External Data Source. See #external? and External::DataSource.

Returns:

  • (Boolean, nil) —

    true when the type is EXTERNAL, false otherwise, if the object is a resource (see #resource?); nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



610
611
612
613
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 610

def external?
  return nil if reference?
  @gapi.type == "EXTERNAL"
end

#extract(extract_url, format: nil, compression: nil, delimiter: nil, header: nil) {|job| ... } ⇒ Boolean

Extracts the data from the table to a Google Cloud Storage file using a synchronous method that blocks for a response. Timeouts and transient errors are generally handled as needed to complete the job. See also #extract_job.

The geographic location for the job ("US", "EU", etc.) can be set via ExtractJob::Updater#location= in a block passed to this method. If the table is a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the location of the job will be automatically set to the location of the table.

Examples:

Extract to a JSON file:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.extract "gs://my-bucket/file-name.json", format: "json"

Extract to a CSV file, attaching labels to the job:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.extract "gs://my-bucket/file-name.csv" do |extract|
  extract.labels = { "custom-label" => "custom-value" }
end

Parameters:

  • extract_url (Google::Cloud::Storage::File, String, Array<String>) —

    The Google Storage file or file URI pattern(s) to which BigQuery should extract the table data.

  • format (String) —

    The exported file format. The default value is csv.

    The following values are supported:

  • compression (String) —

    The compression type to use for exported files. Possible values include GZIP and NONE. The default value is NONE.

  • delimiter (String) —

    Delimiter to use between fields in the exported data. Default is ,.

  • header (Boolean) —

    Whether to print out a header row in the results. Default is true.

Yields:

  • (job) —

    a job configuration object

Yield Parameters:

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the extract operation succeeded.

See Also:



1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1471

def extract extract_url, format: nil, compression: nil, delimiter: nil,
            header: nil, &block
  job = extract_job extract_url,
                    format: format,
                    compression: compression,
                    delimiter: delimiter,
                    header: header,
                    &block
  job.wait_until_done!
  ensure_job_succeeded! job
  true
end

#extract_job(extract_url, format: nil, compression: nil, delimiter: nil, header: nil, dryrun: nil, job_id: nil, prefix: nil, labels: nil) {|job| ... } ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::ExtractJob

Extracts the data from the table to a Google Cloud Storage file using an asynchronous method. In this method, an ExtractJob is immediately returned. The caller may poll the service by repeatedly calling Job#reload! and Job#done? to detect when the job is done, or simply block until the job is done by calling #Job#wait_until_done!. See also #extract.

The geographic location for the job ("US", "EU", etc.) can be set via ExtractJob::Updater#location= in a block passed to this method. If the table is a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the location of the job will be automatically set to the location of the table.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

extract_job = table.extract_job "gs://my-bucket/file-name.json",
                            format: "json"

Parameters:

  • extract_url (Google::Cloud::Storage::File, String, Array<String>) —

    The Google Storage file or file URI pattern(s) to which BigQuery should extract the table data.

  • format (String) —

    The exported file format. The default value is csv.

    The following values are supported:

  • compression (String) —

    The compression type to use for exported files. Possible values include GZIP and NONE. The default value is NONE.

  • delimiter (String) —

    Delimiter to use between fields in the exported data. Default is ,.

  • header (Boolean) —

    Whether to print out a header row in the results. Default is true.

  • job_id (String) —

    A user-defined ID for the extract job. The ID must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), underscores (_), or dashes (-). The maximum length is 1,024 characters. If job_id is provided, then prefix will not be used.

    See Generating a job ID.

  • prefix (String) —

    A string, usually human-readable, that will be prepended to a generated value to produce a unique job ID. For example, the prefix daily_import_job_ can be given to generate a job ID such as daily_import_job_12vEDtMQ0mbp1Mo5Z7mzAFQJZazh. The prefix must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), underscores (_), or dashes (-). The maximum length of the entire ID is 1,024 characters. If job_id is provided, then prefix will not be used.

  • labels (Hash) —

    A hash of user-provided labels associated with the job. You can use these to organize and group your jobs. Label keys and values can be no longer than 63 characters, can only contain lowercase letters, numeric characters, underscores and dashes. International characters are allowed. Label values are optional. Label keys must start with a letter and each label in the list must have a different key.

Yields:

  • (job) —

    a job configuration object

Yield Parameters:

Returns:

See Also:



1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1392

def extract_job extract_url, format: nil, compression: nil,
                delimiter: nil, header: nil, dryrun: nil, job_id: nil,
                prefix: nil, labels: nil
  ensure_service!
  options = { format: format, compression: compression,
              delimiter: delimiter, header: header, dryrun: dryrun,
              job_id: job_id, prefix: prefix, labels: labels }
  updater = ExtractJob::Updater.from_options service, table_ref,
                                             extract_url, options
  updater.location = location if location # may be table reference

  yield updater if block_given?

  job_gapi = updater.to_gapi
  gapi = service.extract_table job_gapi
  Job.from_gapi gapi, service
end

#fields ⇒ Array<Schema::Field>?

The fields of the table, obtained from its schema.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.fields.each do |field|
  puts field.name
end

Returns:



777
778
779
780
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 777

def fields
  return nil if reference?
  schema.fields
end

#headers ⇒ Array<Symbol>?

The names of the columns in the table, obtained from its schema.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.headers.each do |header|
  puts header
end

Returns:

  • (Array<Symbol>, nil) —

    An array of column names.



800
801
802
803
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 800

def headers
  return nil if reference?
  schema.headers
end

#id ⇒ String?

The combined Project ID, Dataset ID, and Table ID for this table, in the format specified by the Legacy SQL Query Reference: project_name:datasetId.tableId. To use this value in queries see #query_id.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The combined ID, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



347
348
349
350
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 347

def id
  return nil if reference?
  @gapi.id
end

#insert(rows, insert_ids: nil, skip_invalid: nil, ignore_unknown: nil) ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::InsertResponse

Inserts data into the table for near-immediate querying, without the need to complete a load operation before the data can appear in query results.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

rows = [
  { "first_name" => "Alice", "age" => 21 },
  { "first_name" => "Bob", "age" => 22 }
]
table.insert rows

Avoid retrieving the dataset and table with skip_lookup:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset", skip_lookup: true
table = dataset.table "my_table", skip_lookup: true

rows = [
  { "first_name" => "Alice", "age" => 21 },
  { "first_name" => "Bob", "age" => 22 }
]
table.insert rows

Parameters:

  • rows (Hash, Array<Hash>) —

    A hash object or array of hash objects containing the data. Required.

  • insert_ids (Array<String>) —

    A unique ID for each row. BigQuery uses this property to detect duplicate insertion requests on a best-effort basis. For more information, see data consistency. Optional. If not provided, the client library will assign a UUID to each row before the request is sent.

  • skip_invalid (Boolean) —

    Insert all valid rows of a request, even if invalid rows exist. The default value is false, which causes the entire request to fail if any invalid rows exist.

  • ignore_unknown (Boolean) —

    Accept rows that contain values that do not match the schema. The unknown values are ignored. Default is false, which treats unknown values as errors.

Returns:

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError)

See Also:



1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1930

def insert rows, insert_ids: nil, skip_invalid: nil, ignore_unknown: nil
  rows = [rows] if rows.is_a? Hash
  insert_ids = Array insert_ids
  if insert_ids.count > 0 && insert_ids.count != rows.count
    raise ArgumentError, "insert_ids must be the same size as rows"
  end
  rows = [rows] if rows.is_a? Hash
  raise ArgumentError, "No rows provided" if rows.empty?
  ensure_service!
  options = { skip_invalid: skip_invalid,
              ignore_unknown: ignore_unknown,
              insert_ids: insert_ids }
  gapi = service.insert_tabledata dataset_id, table_id, rows, options
  InsertResponse.from_gapi rows, gapi
end

#insert_async(skip_invalid: nil, ignore_unknown: nil, max_bytes: 10000000, max_rows: 500, interval: 10, threads: 4) {|response| ... } ⇒ Table::AsyncInserter

Create an asynchronous inserter object used to insert rows in batches.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"
inserter = table.insert_async do |result|
  if result.error?
    log_error result.error
  else
    log_insert "inserted #{result.insert_count} rows " \
      "with #{result.error_count} errors"
  end
end

rows = [
  { "first_name" => "Alice", "age" => 21 },
  { "first_name" => "Bob", "age" => 22 }
]
inserter.insert rows

inserter.stop.wait!

Parameters:

  • skip_invalid (Boolean) —

    Insert all valid rows of a request, even if invalid rows exist. The default value is false, which causes the entire request to fail if any invalid rows exist.

  • ignore_unknown (Boolean) —

    Accept rows that contain values that do not match the schema. The unknown values are ignored. Default is false, which treats unknown values as errors.

  • max_rows (Integer) —

    The maximum number of rows to be collected before the batch is published. Default is 500.

Yields:

  • (response) —

    the callback for when a batch of rows is inserted

Yield Parameters:

Returns:



1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1993

def insert_async skip_invalid: nil, ignore_unknown: nil,
                 max_bytes: 10000000, max_rows: 500, interval: 10,
                 threads: 4, &block
  ensure_service!

  AsyncInserter.new self, skip_invalid: skip_invalid,
                          ignore_unknown: ignore_unknown,
                          max_bytes: max_bytes, max_rows: max_rows,
                          interval: interval, threads: threads, &block
end

#labels ⇒ Hash<String, String>?

A hash of user-provided labels associated with this table. Labels are used to organize and group tables. See Using Labels.

The returned hash is frozen and changes are not allowed. Use #labels= to replace the entire hash.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

labels = table.labels
labels["department"] #=> "shipping"

Returns:

  • (Hash<String, String>, nil) —

    A hash containing key/value pairs.



651
652
653
654
655
656
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 651

def labels
  return nil if reference?
  m = @gapi.labels
  m = m.to_h if m.respond_to? :to_h
  m.dup.freeze
end

#labels=(labels) ⇒ Object

Updates the hash of user-provided labels associated with this table. Labels are used to organize and group tables. See Using Labels.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.labels = { "department" => "shipping" }

Parameters:

  • labels (Hash<String, String>) —

    A hash containing key/value pairs.

    • Label keys and values can be no longer than 63 characters.
    • Label keys and values can contain only lowercase letters, numbers, underscores, hyphens, and international characters.
    • Label keys and values cannot exceed 128 bytes in size.
    • Label keys must begin with a letter.
    • Label keys must be unique within a table.


688
689
690
691
692
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 688

def labels= labels
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.labels = labels
  patch_gapi! :labels
end

#load(files, format: nil, create: nil, write: nil, projection_fields: nil, jagged_rows: nil, quoted_newlines: nil, encoding: nil, delimiter: nil, ignore_unknown: nil, max_bad_records: nil, quote: nil, skip_leading: nil, autodetect: nil, null_marker: nil) {|updater| ... } ⇒ Boolean

Loads data into the table. You can pass a google-cloud storage file path or a google-cloud storage file instance. Or, you can upload a file directly. See Loading Data with a POST Request.

The geographic location for the job ("US", "EU", etc.) can be set via LoadJob::Updater#location= in a block passed to this method. If the table is a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the location of the job will be automatically set to the location of the table.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

success = table.load "gs://my-bucket/file-name.csv"

Pass a google-cloud-storage File instance:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"
require "google/cloud/storage"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "file-name.csv"
success = table.load file

Pass a list of google-cloud-storage files:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"
require "google/cloud/storage"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "file-name.csv"
table.load [file, "gs://my-bucket/file-name2.csv"]

Upload a file directly:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

file = File.open "my_data.json"
success = table.load file do |j|
  j.format = "newline_delimited_json"
end

Parameters:

  • files (File, Google::Cloud::Storage::File, String, URI, Array<Google::Cloud::Storage::File, String, URI>) —

    A file or the URI of a Google Cloud Storage file, or an Array of those, containing data to load into the table.

  • format (String) —

    The exported file format. The default value is csv.

    The following values are supported:

  • create (String) —

    Specifies whether the job is allowed to create new tables. The default value is needed.

    The following values are supported:

    • needed - Create the table if it does not exist.
    • never - The table must already exist. A 'notFound' error is raised if the table does not exist.
  • write (String) —

    Specifies how to handle data already present in the table. The default value is append.

    The following values are supported:

    • truncate - BigQuery overwrites the table data.
    • append - BigQuery appends the data to the table.
    • empty - An error will be returned if the table already contains data.
  • projection_fields (Array<String>) —

    If the format option is set to datastore_backup, indicates which entity properties to load from a Cloud Datastore backup. Property names are case sensitive and must be top-level properties. If not set, BigQuery loads all properties. If any named property isn't found in the Cloud Datastore backup, an invalid error is returned.

  • jagged_rows (Boolean) —

    Accept rows that are missing trailing optional columns. The missing values are treated as nulls. If false, records with missing trailing columns are treated as bad records, and if there are too many bad records, an invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is false. Only applicable to CSV, ignored for other formats.

  • quoted_newlines (Boolean) —

    Indicates if BigQuery should allow quoted data sections that contain newline characters in a CSV file. The default value is false.

  • autodetect (Boolean) —

    Indicates if BigQuery should automatically infer the options and schema for CSV and JSON sources. The default value is false.

  • encoding (String) —

    The character encoding of the data. The supported values are UTF-8 or ISO-8859-1. The default value is UTF-8.

  • delimiter (String) —

    Specifices the separator for fields in a CSV file. BigQuery converts the string to ISO-8859-1 encoding, and then uses the first byte of the encoded string to split the data in its raw, binary state. Default is ,.

  • ignore_unknown (Boolean) —

    Indicates if BigQuery should allow extra values that are not represented in the table schema. If true, the extra values are ignored. If false, records with extra columns are treated as bad records, and if there are too many bad records, an invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is false.

    The format property determines what BigQuery treats as an extra value:

    • CSV: Trailing columns
    • JSON: Named values that don't match any column names
  • max_bad_records (Integer) —

    The maximum number of bad records that BigQuery can ignore when running the job. If the number of bad records exceeds this value, an invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is 0, which requires that all records are valid.

  • null_marker (String) —

    Specifies a string that represents a null value in a CSV file. For example, if you specify \N, BigQuery interprets \N as a null value when loading a CSV file. The default value is the empty string. If you set this property to a custom value, BigQuery throws an error if an empty string is present for all data types except for STRING and BYTE. For STRING and BYTE columns, BigQuery interprets the empty string as an empty value.

  • quote (String) —

    The value that is used to quote data sections in a CSV file. BigQuery converts the string to ISO-8859-1 encoding, and then uses the first byte of the encoded string to split the data in its raw, binary state. The default value is a double-quote ". If your data does not contain quoted sections, set the property value to an empty string. If your data contains quoted newline characters, you must also set the allowQuotedNewlines property to true.

  • skip_leading (Integer) —

    The number of rows at the top of a CSV file that BigQuery will skip when loading the data. The default value is 0. This property is useful if you have header rows in the file that should be skipped.

Yields:

  • (updater) —

    A block for setting the schema of the destination table and other options for the load job. The schema can be omitted if the destination table already exists, or if you're loading data from a Google Cloud Datastore backup.

Yield Parameters:

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Returns true if the load job was successful.



1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1856

def load files, format: nil, create: nil, write: nil,
         projection_fields: nil, jagged_rows: nil, quoted_newlines: nil,
         encoding: nil, delimiter: nil, ignore_unknown: nil,
         max_bad_records: nil, quote: nil, skip_leading: nil,
         autodetect: nil, null_marker: nil, &block
  job = load_job files, format: format, create: create, write: write,
                        projection_fields: projection_fields,
                        jagged_rows: jagged_rows,
                        quoted_newlines: quoted_newlines,
                        encoding: encoding, delimiter: delimiter,
                        ignore_unknown: ignore_unknown,
                        max_bad_records: max_bad_records,
                        quote: quote, skip_leading: skip_leading,
                        autodetect: autodetect,
                        null_marker: null_marker, &block

  job.wait_until_done!
  ensure_job_succeeded! job
  true
end

#load_job(files, format: nil, create: nil, write: nil, projection_fields: nil, jagged_rows: nil, quoted_newlines: nil, encoding: nil, delimiter: nil, ignore_unknown: nil, max_bad_records: nil, quote: nil, skip_leading: nil, dryrun: nil, job_id: nil, prefix: nil, labels: nil, autodetect: nil, null_marker: nil) {|load_job| ... } ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::LoadJob

Loads data into the table. You can pass a google-cloud storage file path or a google-cloud storage file instance. Or, you can upload a file directly. See Loading Data with a POST Request.

The geographic location for the job ("US", "EU", etc.) can be set via LoadJob::Updater#location= in a block passed to this method. If the table is a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the location of the job will be automatically set to the location of the table.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

load_job = table.load_job "gs://my-bucket/file-name.csv"

Pass a google-cloud-storage File instance:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"
require "google/cloud/storage"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "file-name.csv"
load_job = table.load_job file

Pass a list of google-cloud-storage files:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"
require "google/cloud/storage"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
bucket = storage.bucket "my-bucket"
file = bucket.file "file-name.csv"
load_job = table.load_job [file, "gs://my-bucket/file-name2.csv"]

Upload a file directly:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

file = File.open "my_data.csv"
load_job = table.load_job file

Parameters:

  • files (File, Google::Cloud::Storage::File, String, URI, Array<Google::Cloud::Storage::File, String, URI>) —

    A file or the URI of a Google Cloud Storage file, or an Array of those, containing data to load into the table.

  • format (String) —

    The exported file format. The default value is csv.

    The following values are supported:

  • create (String) —

    Specifies whether the job is allowed to create new tables. The default value is needed.

    The following values are supported:

    • needed - Create the table if it does not exist.
    • never - The table must already exist. A 'notFound' error is raised if the table does not exist.
  • write (String) —

    Specifies how to handle data already present in the table. The default value is append.

    The following values are supported:

    • truncate - BigQuery overwrites the table data.
    • append - BigQuery appends the data to the table.
    • empty - An error will be returned if the table already contains data.
  • projection_fields (Array<String>) —

    If the format option is set to datastore_backup, indicates which entity properties to load from a Cloud Datastore backup. Property names are case sensitive and must be top-level properties. If not set, BigQuery loads all properties. If any named property isn't found in the Cloud Datastore backup, an invalid error is returned.

  • jagged_rows (Boolean) —

    Accept rows that are missing trailing optional columns. The missing values are treated as nulls. If false, records with missing trailing columns are treated as bad records, and if there are too many bad records, an invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is false. Only applicable to CSV, ignored for other formats.

  • quoted_newlines (Boolean) —

    Indicates if BigQuery should allow quoted data sections that contain newline characters in a CSV file. The default value is false.

  • autodetect (Boolean) —

    Indicates if BigQuery should automatically infer the options and schema for CSV and JSON sources. The default value is false.

  • encoding (String) —

    The character encoding of the data. The supported values are UTF-8 or ISO-8859-1. The default value is UTF-8.

  • delimiter (String) —

    Specifices the separator for fields in a CSV file. BigQuery converts the string to ISO-8859-1 encoding, and then uses the first byte of the encoded string to split the data in its raw, binary state. Default is ,.

  • ignore_unknown (Boolean) —

    Indicates if BigQuery should allow extra values that are not represented in the table schema. If true, the extra values are ignored. If false, records with extra columns are treated as bad records, and if there are too many bad records, an invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is false.

    The format property determines what BigQuery treats as an extra value:

    • CSV: Trailing columns
    • JSON: Named values that don't match any column names
  • max_bad_records (Integer) —

    The maximum number of bad records that BigQuery can ignore when running the job. If the number of bad records exceeds this value, an invalid error is returned in the job result. The default value is 0, which requires that all records are valid.

  • null_marker (String) —

    Specifies a string that represents a null value in a CSV file. For example, if you specify \N, BigQuery interprets \N as a null value when loading a CSV file. The default value is the empty string. If you set this property to a custom value, BigQuery throws an error if an empty string is present for all data types except for STRING and BYTE. For STRING and BYTE columns, BigQuery interprets the empty string as an empty value.

  • quote (String) —

    The value that is used to quote data sections in a CSV file. BigQuery converts the string to ISO-8859-1 encoding, and then uses the first byte of the encoded string to split the data in its raw, binary state. The default value is a double-quote ". If your data does not contain quoted sections, set the property value to an empty string. If your data contains quoted newline characters, you must also set the allowQuotedNewlines property to true.

  • skip_leading (Integer) —

    The number of rows at the top of a CSV file that BigQuery will skip when loading the data. The default value is 0. This property is useful if you have header rows in the file that should be skipped.

  • job_id (String) —

    A user-defined ID for the load job. The ID must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), underscores (_), or dashes (-). The maximum length is 1,024 characters. If job_id is provided, then prefix will not be used.

    See Generating a job ID.

  • prefix (String) —

    A string, usually human-readable, that will be prepended to a generated value to produce a unique job ID. For example, the prefix daily_import_job_ can be given to generate a job ID such as daily_import_job_12vEDtMQ0mbp1Mo5Z7mzAFQJZazh. The prefix must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), underscores (_), or dashes (-). The maximum length of the entire ID is 1,024 characters. If job_id is provided, then prefix will not be used.

  • labels (Hash) —

    A hash of user-provided labels associated with the job. You can use these to organize and group your jobs. Label keys and values can be no longer than 63 characters, can only contain lowercase letters, numeric characters, underscores and dashes. International characters are allowed. Label values are optional. Label keys must start with a letter and each label in the list must have a different key.

Yields:

  • (load_job) —

    a block for setting the load job

Yield Parameters:

  • load_job (LoadJob) —

    the load job object to be updated

Returns:



1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1662

def load_job files, format: nil, create: nil, write: nil,
             projection_fields: nil, jagged_rows: nil,
             quoted_newlines: nil, encoding: nil, delimiter: nil,
             ignore_unknown: nil, max_bad_records: nil, quote: nil,
             skip_leading: nil, dryrun: nil, job_id: nil, prefix: nil,
             labels: nil, autodetect: nil, null_marker: nil
  ensure_service!

  updater = load_job_updater format: format, create: create,
                             write: write,
                             projection_fields: projection_fields,
                             jagged_rows: jagged_rows,
                             quoted_newlines: quoted_newlines,
                             encoding: encoding,
                             delimiter: delimiter,
                             ignore_unknown: ignore_unknown,
                             max_bad_records: max_bad_records,
                             quote: quote, skip_leading: skip_leading,
                             dryrun: dryrun, job_id: job_id,
                             prefix: prefix, schema: schema,
                             labels: labels, autodetect: autodetect,
                             null_marker: null_marker

  yield updater if block_given?

  job_gapi = updater.to_gapi

  return load_local(files, job_gapi) if local_file? files
  load_storage files, job_gapi
end

#location ⇒ String?

The geographic location where the table should reside. Possible values include EU and US. The default value is US.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The location code.



623
624
625
626
627
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 623

def location
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.location
end

#modified_at ⇒ Time?

The date when this table was last modified.

Returns:

  • (Time, nil) —

    The last modified time, or nil if not present or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 560

def modified_at
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  begin
    ::Time.at(Integer(@gapi.last_modified_time) / 1000.0)
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
end

#name ⇒ String?

The name of the table.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The friendly name, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



397
398
399
400
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 397

def name
  return nil if reference?
  @gapi.friendly_name
end

#name=(new_name) ⇒ Object

Updates the name of the table.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Parameters:

  • new_name (String) —

    The new friendly name.



413
414
415
416
417
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 413

def name= new_name
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.update! friendly_name: new_name
  patch_gapi! :friendly_name
end

#project_id ⇒ String

The ID of the Project containing this table.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The project ID.



141
142
143
144
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 141

def project_id
  return reference.project_id if reference?
  @gapi.table_reference.project_id
end

#query ⇒ String

The query that executes each time the view is loaded.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The query that defines the view.



968
969
970
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 968

def query
  @gapi.view.query if @gapi.view
end

#query=(new_query) ⇒ Object

Updates the query that executes each time the view is loaded.

This sets the query using standard SQL. To specify legacy SQL or to use user-defined function resources use (#set_query) instead.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
view = dataset.table "my_view"

view.query = "SELECT first_name FROM " \
               "`my_project.my_dataset.my_table`"

Parameters:

  • new_query (String) —

    The query that defines the view.

See Also:



995
996
997
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 995

def query= new_query
  set_query new_query
end

#query_id(standard_sql: nil, legacy_sql: nil) ⇒ String

The value returned by #id, wrapped in square brackets if the Project ID contains dashes, as specified by the Query Reference. Useful in queries.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

data = bigquery.query "SELECT first_name FROM #{table.query_id}"

Parameters:

  • standard_sql (Boolean) —

    Specifies whether to use BigQuery's standard SQL dialect. Optional. The default value is true.

  • legacy_sql (Boolean) —

    Specifies whether to use BigQuery's legacy SQL dialect. Optional. The default value is false.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The appropriate table ID for use in queries, depending on SQL type.



381
382
383
384
385
386
387
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 381

def query_id standard_sql: nil, legacy_sql: nil
  if Convert.resolve_legacy_sql standard_sql, legacy_sql
    "[#{project_id}:#{dataset_id}.#{table_id}]"
  else
    "`#{project_id}.#{dataset_id}.#{table_id}`"
  end
end

#query_legacy_sql? ⇒ Boolean

Checks if the view's query is using legacy sql.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when legacy sql is used, false otherwise.



1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1053

def query_legacy_sql?
  val = @gapi.view.use_legacy_sql
  return true if val.nil?
  val
end

#query_standard_sql? ⇒ Boolean

Checks if the view's query is using standard sql.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when standard sql is used, false otherwise.



1066
1067
1068
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1066

def query_standard_sql?
  !query_legacy_sql?
end

#query_udfs ⇒ Array<String>

The user-defined function resources used in the view's query. May be either a code resource to load from a Google Cloud Storage URI (gs://bucket/path), or an inline resource that contains code for a user-defined function (UDF). Providing an inline code resource is equivalent to providing a URI for a file containing the same code. See User-Defined Functions.

Returns:

  • (Array<String>) —

    An array containing Google Cloud Storage URIs and/or inline source code.



1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1084

def query_udfs
  udfs_gapi = @gapi.view.user_defined_function_resources
  return [] if udfs_gapi.nil?
  Array(udfs_gapi).map { |udf| udf.inline_code || udf.resource_uri }
end

#reference? ⇒ Boolean

Whether the table was created without retrieving the resource representation from the BigQuery service.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new

dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table", skip_lookup: true

table.reference? # true
table.reload!
table.reference? # false

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when the table is just a local reference object, false otherwise.



2097
2098
2099
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2097

def reference?
  @gapi.nil?
end

#reload! ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::Table Also known as: refresh!

Reloads the table with current data from the BigQuery service.

Examples:

Skip retrieving the table from the service, then load it:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new

dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table", skip_lookup: true

table.reload!

Returns:



2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2044

def reload!
  ensure_service!
  gapi = service.get_table dataset_id, table_id
  @gapi = gapi
end

#resource? ⇒ Boolean

Whether the table was created with a resource representation from the BigQuery service.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new

dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table", skip_lookup: true

table.resource? # false
table.reload!
table.resource? # true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when the table was created with a resource representation, false otherwise.



2120
2121
2122
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2120

def resource?
  !@gapi.nil?
end

#resource_full? ⇒ Boolean

Whether the table was created with a full resource representation from the BigQuery service.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new

dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.table "my_table"

table.resource_full? # true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when the table was created with a full resource representation, false otherwise.



2169
2170
2171
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2169

def resource_full?
  @gapi.is_a? Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::Table
end

#resource_partial? ⇒ Boolean

Whether the table was created with a partial resource representation from the BigQuery service by retrieval through Dataset#tables. See Tables: list response for the contents of the partial representation. Accessing any attribute outside of the partial representation will result in loading the full representation.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new

dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.tables.first

table.resource_partial? # true
table.description # Loads the full resource.
table.resource_partial? # false

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    true when the table was created with a partial resource representation, false otherwise.



2148
2149
2150
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 2148

def resource_partial?
  @gapi.is_a? Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::TableList::Table
end

#rows_count ⇒ Integer?

The number of rows in the table.

Returns:

  • (Integer, nil) —

    The count of rows in the table, or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 504

def rows_count
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  begin
    Integer @gapi.num_rows
  rescue StandardError
    nil
  end
end

#schema(replace: false) {|schema| ... } ⇒ Google::Cloud::Bigquery::Schema?

Returns the table's schema. If the table is not a view (See #view?), this method can also be used to set, replace, or add to the schema by passing a block. See Schema for available methods.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.create_table "my_table"

table.schema do |schema|
  schema.string "first_name", mode: :required
  schema.record "cities_lived", mode: :repeated do |nested_schema|
    nested_schema.string "place", mode: :required
    nested_schema.integer "number_of_years", mode: :required
  end
end

Load the schema from a file

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.create_table "my_table"
table.schema do |schema|
  schema.load File.open("schema.json")
end

Parameters:

  • replace (Boolean) —

    Whether to replace the existing schema with the new schema. If true, the fields will replace the existing schema. If false, the fields will be added to the existing schema. When a table already contains data, schema changes must be additive. Thus, the default value is false. When loading from a file this will always replace the schema, no matter what replace is set to. You can update the schema (for example, for a table that already contains data) by providing a schema file that includes the existing schema plus any new fields.

Yields:

  • (schema) —

    a block for setting the schema

Yield Parameters:

  • schema (Schema) —

    the object accepting the schema

Returns:



744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 744

def schema replace: false
  return nil if reference? && !block_given?
  reload! unless resource_full?
  schema_builder = Schema.from_gapi @gapi.schema
  if block_given?
    schema_builder = Schema.from_gapi if replace
    yield schema_builder
    if schema_builder.changed?
      @gapi.schema = schema_builder.to_gapi
      patch_gapi! :schema
    end
  end
  schema_builder.freeze
end

#set_query(query, standard_sql: nil, legacy_sql: nil, udfs: nil) ⇒ Object

Updates the query that executes each time the view is loaded. Allows setting of standard vs. legacy SQL and user-defined function resources.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
view = dataset.table "my_view"

view.set_query "SELECT first_name FROM " \
                 "`my_project.my_dataset.my_table`",
               standard_sql: true

Parameters:

  • query (String) —

    The query that defines the view.

  • standard_sql (Boolean) —

    Specifies whether to use BigQuery's standard SQL dialect. Optional. The default value is true.

  • legacy_sql (Boolean) —

    Specifies whether to use BigQuery's legacy SQL dialect. Optional. The default value is false.

  • udfs (Array<String>, String) —

    User-defined function resources used in the query. May be either a code resource to load from a Google Cloud Storage URI (gs://bucket/path), or an inline resource that contains code for a user-defined function (UDF). Providing an inline code resource is equivalent to providing a URI for a file containing the same code. See User-Defined Functions.

See Also:



1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 1037

def set_query query, standard_sql: nil, legacy_sql: nil, udfs: nil
  @gapi.view = Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::ViewDefinition.new \
    query: query,
    use_legacy_sql: Convert.resolve_legacy_sql(standard_sql,
                                               legacy_sql),
    user_defined_function_resources: udfs_gapi(udfs)
  patch_gapi! :view
end

#table? ⇒ Boolean?

Checks if the table's type is "TABLE".

Returns:

  • (Boolean, nil) —

    true when the type is TABLE, false otherwise, if the object is a resource (see #resource?); nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



579
580
581
582
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 579

def table?
  return nil if reference?
  @gapi.type == "TABLE"
end

#table_id ⇒ String

A unique ID for this table.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The ID must contain only letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), or underscores (_). The maximum length is 1,024 characters.



116
117
118
119
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 116

def table_id
  return reference.table_id if reference?
  @gapi.table_reference.table_id
end

#time_partitioning? ⇒ Boolean?

Checks if the table is time-partitioned. See Partitioned Tables.

Returns:

  • (Boolean, nil) —

    true when the table is time-partitioned, or false otherwise, if the object is a resource (see #resource?); nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



166
167
168
169
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 166

def time_partitioning?
  return nil if reference?
  !@gapi.time_partitioning.nil?
end

#time_partitioning_expiration ⇒ Integer?

The expiration for the table partitions, if any, in seconds. See Partitioned Tables.

Returns:

  • (Integer, nil) —

    The expiration time, in seconds, for data in partitions, or nil if not present or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



293
294
295
296
297
298
299
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 293

def time_partitioning_expiration
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.time_partitioning.expiration_ms / 1_000 if
      time_partitioning? &&
      !@gapi.time_partitioning.expiration_ms.nil?
end

#time_partitioning_expiration=(expiration) ⇒ Object

Sets the partition expiration for the table. See Partitioned Tables. The table must also be partitioned.

See #time_partitioning_type=.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.create_table "my_table" do |table|
  table.time_partitioning_type = "DAY"
  table.time_partitioning_expiration = 86_400
end

Parameters:

  • expiration (Integer) —

    An expiration time, in seconds, for data in partitions.



327
328
329
330
331
332
333
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 327

def time_partitioning_expiration= expiration
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.time_partitioning ||= \
    Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::TimePartitioning.new
  @gapi.time_partitioning.expiration_ms = expiration * 1000
  patch_gapi! :time_partitioning
end

#time_partitioning_field ⇒ String?

The field on which the table is partitioned, if any. If not set, the destination table is partitioned by pseudo column _PARTITIONTIME; if set, the table is partitioned by this field. See Partitioned Tables.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The partition field, if a field was configured. nil if not partitioned, not set (partitioned by pseudo column '_PARTITIONTIME') or the object is a reference (see #reference?).



233
234
235
236
237
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 233

def time_partitioning_field
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.time_partitioning.field if time_partitioning?
end

#time_partitioning_field=(field) ⇒ Object

Sets the field on which to partition the table. If not set, the destination table is partitioned by pseudo column _PARTITIONTIME; if set, the table is partitioned by this field. See Partitioned Tables. The table must also be partitioned.

See #time_partitioning_type=.

You can only set the partitioning field while creating a table as in the example below. BigQuery does not allow you to change partitioning on an existing table.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.create_table "my_table" do |table|
  table.time_partitioning_type  = "DAY"
  table.time_partitioning_field = "dob"
  table.schema do |schema|
    schema.timestamp "dob", mode: :required
  end
end

Parameters:

  • field (String) —

    The partition field. The field must be a top-level TIMESTAMP or DATE field. Its mode must be NULLABLE or REQUIRED.



275
276
277
278
279
280
281
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 275

def time_partitioning_field= field
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.time_partitioning ||= \
    Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::TimePartitioning.new
  @gapi.time_partitioning.field = field
  patch_gapi! :time_partitioning
end

#time_partitioning_type ⇒ String?

The period for which the table is partitioned, if any. See Partitioned Tables.

Returns:

  • (String, nil) —

    The partition type. Currently the only supported value is "DAY", or nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



181
182
183
184
185
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 181

def time_partitioning_type
  return nil if reference?
  ensure_full_data!
  @gapi.time_partitioning.type if time_partitioning?
end

#time_partitioning_type=(type) ⇒ Object

Sets the partitioning for the table. See Partitioned Tables.

You can only set partitioning when creating a table as in the example below. BigQuery does not allow you to change partitioning on an existing table.

If the table is not a full resource representation (see #resource_full?), the full representation will be retrieved before the update to comply with ETag-based optimistic concurrency control.

Examples:

require "google/cloud/bigquery"

bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
dataset = bigquery.dataset "my_dataset"
table = dataset.create_table "my_table" do |table|
  table.time_partitioning_type = "DAY"
end

Parameters:

  • type (String) —

    The partition type. Currently the only supported value is "DAY".



213
214
215
216
217
218
219
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 213

def time_partitioning_type= type
  reload! unless resource_full?
  @gapi.time_partitioning ||= \
    Google::Apis::BigqueryV2::TimePartitioning.new
  @gapi.time_partitioning.type = type
  patch_gapi! :time_partitioning
end

#view? ⇒ Boolean?

Checks if the table's type is "VIEW", indicating that the table represents a BigQuery view. See Dataset#create_view.

Returns:

  • (Boolean, nil) —

    true when the type is VIEW, false otherwise, if the object is a resource (see #resource?); nil if the object is a reference (see #reference?).



594
595
596
597
 
# File 'lib/google/cloud/bigquery/table.rb', line 594

def view?
  return nil if reference?
  @gapi.type == "VIEW"
end